Without such an enzyme, the virus is rendered impotent — even if it manages to infiltrate a host cell, it cannot replicate. Viroids and virusoids, including hepatitis D, are the exception.

Kennedy Jr. has downplayed the effectiveness of the long-used vaccine and instead promoted the development of new treatments ...

Aside from ducks, newts, toads and the rest of the abovementioned animals, hepatitis D virus-like agents have now also been found in white-tailed deer, passerine birds, and woodchucks.

The resulting images, with a resolution of 10 nanometers, reveal what might be the most detailed view yet of how the virus replicates itself inside of a cell. The images show magenta RNA forming ...